You can also purchase green tea extract over the counter and use at home by adding a drop or two to coconut oil and applying to the warts. There is some evidence that applying garlic extract to warts can help clear them up. You can purchase garlic extract and apply directly to the warts. You could also soak some gauze pads in a mixture of garlic and oil. Then apply and let sit on the warts. Apple cider vinegar may treat genital warts at home. Find apple cider vinegar on Amazon.
These vegetables contain Indolecarbinol I3C , which can help clear up genital warts. There is an association between folate and B12 deficiency and an increased risk of contracting HPV. Taking a multivitamin or folate and B supplements might help your body fight off an HPV infection and clear up warts. Having genital warts puts a strain on your body.
It can be difficult for your body to deal with any other health problems along with the warts. To help your body heal faster, you should cut out any immune stressors like smoking or a diet that is heavy in processed or unhealthy foods.
Although rare, HPV can cause both genital warts and cervical cancer. You may have more than one type of HPV. The virus that can cause genital warts can stay dormant in your body for a long time. So if you treat your warts and get rid of them, they may come back. According to the Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology , there is no one standard treatment for genital warts that doctors agree on.
You can help treat genital warts at home. But you should still see a doctor to check for and treat any sexually transmitted infections STIs that may be causing the warts.
If an STI is causing your warts, you may need additional medication to treat the condition and prevent passing the infection on to any sexual partners. Genital warts are caused by certain strains of HPV. Although HPV isn't curable, genital warts are treatable. Here's what to expect, treatment options…. Apple cider vinegar may be touted as a remedy for just about anything, but can it really treat warts? Anecdotal evidence suggests this is true, but as…. Vaginal lumps and bumps are common and can be caused by many different conditions.
Anal warts are a form of genital warts caused by human papillomavirus HPV. Genital warts are soft growths on the genitals caused by certain strains of human papillomavirus HPV. Your doctor applies this solution. Podofilox contains the same active compound, but you can apply it at home. Never apply podofilox internally. Additionally, this medication isn't recommended for use during pregnancy. Side effects can include mild skin irritation, sores or pain.
Don't try to treat genital warts with over-the-counter wart removers. These medications aren't intended for use in the genital area. You might need surgery to remove larger warts, warts that don't respond to medications or, if you're pregnant, warts that your baby can be exposed to during delivery. Surgical options include:.
You're likely to start by seeing your family doctor. Women might schedule an appointment with their gynecologists.
Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. Advertising revenue supports our not-for-profit mission. This content does not have an English version. This content does not have an Arabic version. Diagnosis Genital warts are often diagnosed by appearance. Sometimes a biopsy might be necessary. Pap tests Pap test Open pop-up dialog box Close. Pap test In a Pap test, your doctor uses a vaginal speculum to hold your vaginal walls apart and to see the cervix.
More Information Pap smear. Request an Appointment at Mayo Clinic. Share on: Facebook Twitter. Drug treatment of genital warts 3 and management of anorectal warts 4 have been addressed previously. This article provides an updated overview of the management of genital warts.
Diagnosis of genital and anal warts is primarily clinical. The differential diagnosis includes benign or malignant neoplasm e. Genital warts typically present as flesh-colored, exophytic lesions on the external genitalia, including the penis, vulva, scrotum, perineum, and perianal skin. External warts can appear as small bumps, or they may be flat, verrucous, or pedunculated. Less commonly, warts can appear as reddish or brown smooth, raised papules Figure 1 or as dome-shaped lesions of 1 to 4 mm on keratinized skin 5 , 6 Figure 2.
Internal warts can affect the mucous membranes of the vagina, urethra, anus, and mouth. Intra-anal warts are present primarily in patients who have had receptive anal intercourse, although perianal warts can occur in men or women who have no history of anal intercourse. Patients with internal warts may have discomfort, pain, bleeding, or difficulty with intercourse; these symptoms are more common in patients with larger, cauliflower-like lesions.
Urethral lesions may impair the passage of bodily fluids. Diagnosis by biopsy and viral typing is not recommended for patients with routine or typical lesions. The role of HPV testing in women with abnormal Pap smears has been reviewed previously. Untreated visible genital warts may resolve spontaneously, remain the same, or increase in size. The primary treatment goal is removal of symptomatic warts.
Some evidence suggests that treatment also may reduce the persistence of HPV DNA in genital tissue, and therefore may reduce infectivity. The choice of therapy is based on the number, size, site, and morphology of lesions, as well as patient preference, treatment cost, convenience, adverse effects, and physician experience.
Assuming that the diagnosis is certain, switching to a new treatment modality is appropriate if there is no response after three treatment cycles. Routine follow-up at two to three months is advised to monitor response to therapy and evaluate for recurrence. Treatment methods can be chemical or ablative. The mechanism of action for each treatment method is summarized in Table 1 , 9 and treatment courses and cycles are summarized in Table 2. Typical response rates, adverse effect rates, and recurrence risks are summarized in Table 3 8 — 13 ; the response rate for all treatments is approximately 60 to 90 percent, and the response rate for placebo is zero to 50 percent.
Cytotoxic, antimitotic; major biologically active component of podophyllin resin. Information from reference 9. Apply at bedtime for 3 days, then rest 4 days; alternatively, may apply every other day for 3 applications; may repeat weekly cycles up to 16 weeks. Use liquid nitrogen or cryoprobe; may be repeated every 1 to 2 weeks, if necessary. Apply a small amount to visible warts and allow to dry; may be repeated weekly, if necessary. Burning, itching, and irritation at injection site; systemic myalgias, headaches, fever, chills, leukopenia, elevated transaminase levels 6 , thrombocytopenia 1.
Similar to surgical excision; risk for spreading human papillomavirus via smoke plumes. Burning at application site 75 , pain 50 , inflammation 70 ; low risk for systemic toxicity. Local irritation, erythema, burning, and soreness at application site 75 ; possibly mutagenicity, oncogenicity. Pain , bleeding 40 , scarring 10 ; risk for burning and allergic reaction from local anesthetic. Time until recurrence varies across studies, but recurrence rates typically are measured at three months after treatment.
Information from references 8 through Podofilox is a 0. To prevent local irritation, patients should allow the solution to dry before moving around.
The solution should be applied with a cotton swab; gel should be applied with a finger. Some physicians prefer to perform the initial application. Podofilox is not recommended for treatment of perianal, rectal, urethral, or vaginal lesions.
Five randomized trials comparing podofilox with podophyllin found no difference in wart clearance rates. Imiquimod 5 percent cream is a topical cell-mediated immune response modifier that comes in single use packets.
Patients should apply a thin layer to external, visible warts, then rub in the cream until it vanishes. The area is washed with soap and water six to 10 hours after treatment.
Imiquimod may weaken condoms and diaphragms, and sexual contact is not recommended while the cream is on the skin. A 15 to 25 percent solution of podophyllin resin has been the standard treatment for genital warts. No more than 0.
Podophyllin is inexpensive but may require frequent office visits, which increase the overall cost of treatment. The solution should be allowed to dry completely after application to prevent irritation. Some specialists recommend that the area of application be washed thoroughly one to four hours after application to reduce local irritation, although there is no evidence that doing so improves patient outcomes.
Treatment via chemical cautery with a solution of 60 to 90 percent trichloroacetic acid TCA is most effective when treating few small, moist lesions, although TCA also can be used for vaginal or anal lesions. A small amount should be applied and allowed to dry until a white frosting develops. If excess TCA is applied to nonaffected tissue, the patient should be instructed to wash the area with liquid soap or sodium bicarbonate.
Treatment with 5 percent fluorouracil cream Efudex is no longer recommended because of severe local side effects and teratogenicity. Another option in these patients is intralesional injection of interferon.
It is not recommended for routine office use because of the high incidence of local and systemic side effects; it generally is recommended for use only by subspecialists.
Cryotherapy is recommended for patients with small to moderate numbers of warts. It can be applied with a cryoprobe, liquid nitrogen spray, or a cotton-tipped applicator. The cold source is applied and held until a halo appears around the circumference of the lesion about 10 to 20 seconds. Local anesthesia topical or injected may facilitate therapy if warts are present in many areas or if the area is large. No clinical trials have compared cryotherapy with placebo; randomized trials have found similar response rates for cryotherapy compared with podophyllin, TCA, and electrosurgery.
Surgical treatment for warts involves removal to the dermal-epidermal junction. Options include tangential scissor excision, shave excision, curettage, and the loop electrosurgical excision procedure LEEP. Treatment may cause scarring; operator experience is important, especially with LEEP, to avoid too deep a removal.
The patient can be wart-free in one visit, but treatment requires local anesthesia and possibly specialist referral. This method is best for many warts or if a large area is involved. Carbon dioxide laser treatment is best for extensive intraurethral warts and extensive vaginal warts. Laser treatment can create smoke plumes that contain HPV, so physicians performing this procedure should wear masks.
Laser treatment may be useful in HIV-infected patients who have very large external genital warts or severe local symptoms. The side effects of each treatment method and the risk of recurrence are summarized in Table 3. Treatment should be confined to affected skin to minimize the risk of side effects. Little objective information has been published regarding the management of complications of therapy for genital warts; the use of non-prescription analgesics is a reasonable option to alleviate discomfort.
Patient counseling and education can help prepare patients for possible adverse effects and ensure that they have appropriate expectations. Patients must understand that HPV infections can be treated but not cured; that affected men and women, and sex partners of affected patients, are at risk for cervical or genital cancer; and that affected women and female sex partners of affected men should have regular Pap smears performed.
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