If you do not have written documentation of MMR vaccine, you should get vaccinated. The MMR vaccine is safe, and there is no harm in getting another dose if you may already be immune to measles, mumps, or rubella. If you received a measles vaccine in the s, you may not need to be revaccinated. People who have documentation of receiving LIVE measles vaccine in the s do not need to be revaccinated. People who were vaccinated prior to with either inactivated killed measles vaccine or measles vaccine of unknown type should be revaccinated with at least one dose of live attenuated measles vaccine.
This recommendation is intended to protect those who may have received killed measles vaccine, which was available in and was not effective. During a mumps outbreak public health authorities might recommend an additional dose of MMR vaccine for people who belong to groups at increased risk for getting mumps, regardless if they meet the criteria listed above. Before vaccines were available, nearly everyone was infected with measles, mumps, and rubella viruses during childhood.
The majority of people born before are likely to have been infected naturally and therefore are presumed to be protected against measles, mumps, and rubella. Healthcare personnel born before without laboratory evidence of immunity or disease should consider getting two doses of MMR vaccine. MMR vaccine is very effective at protecting people against measles, mumps, and rubella, and preventing the complications caused by these diseases.
People who receive MMR vaccination according to the U. While MMR provides effective protection against mumps for most people, immunity against mumps may decrease over time and some people may no longer be protected against mumps later in life.
An additional dose may be needed if you are at risk because of a mumps outbreak. MMR is an attenuated weakened live virus vaccine. This means that after injection, the viruses cause a harmless infection in the vaccinated person with very few, if any, symptoms before they are eliminated from the body. Some people who get two doses of MMR vaccine may still get measles, mumps, or rubella if they are exposed to the viruses that cause these diseases.
However, disease symptoms are generally milder in vaccinated people. MMRV vaccine protects against four diseases: measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella chickenpox. This vaccine is only licensed for use in children 12 months through 12 years of age.
CDC recommends that children get one dose of MMRV vaccine at 12 through 15 months of age, and the second dose at 4 through 6 years of age.
Children can receive the second dose of MMRV vaccine earlier than 4 through 6 years. This second dose of MMRV vaccine can be given 3 months after the first dose. A doctor can help parents decide whether to use this vaccine or MMR vaccine.
If you do not have immunity against measles , mumps , and rubella and are exposed to someone with one of these diseases, talk with your doctor about getting MMR vaccine.
It is not harmful to get MMR vaccine after being exposed to measles, mumps, or rubella, and doing so may possibly prevent later disease. If you get MMR vaccine within 72 hours of initially being exposed to measles, you may get some protection against the disease, or have milder illness.
In other cases, you may be given a medicine called immunoglobulin IG within six days of being exposed to measles, to provide some protection against the disease, or have milder illness. Unlike with measles, MMR has not been shown to be effective at preventing mumps or rubella in people already infected with the virus i.
People who are vaccinated against mumps, but still catch it, are less likely to have serious complications or be admitted to hospital. Protection against measles, mumps and rubella starts to develop around 2 weeks after having the MMR vaccine. The MMR vaccine is very safe. Most side effects are mild and do not last long, such as:.
Some children might also cry and be upset immediately after the injection. This is normal and they should feel better after a cuddle. It's important to remember that the possible complications of infectious conditions, such as measles, mumps and rubella, are much more serious.
As there are 3 separate vaccines within a single injection, different side effects can happen at different times. Around 7 to 11 days after the injection, some children get a very mild form of measles.
This includes:. These symptoms are not infectious, so your child will not pass anything on to non-vaccinated children. Around 3 to 4 weeks after the injection, 1 in 50 children develop a mild form of mumps. This includes swollen glands in the cheeks, neck or under the jaw which can last for up to 2 days. Around 1 to 3 weeks after the injection, some adult women experience painful, stiff or swollen joints for up to 3 days.
Rarely, a child may get a small rash of bruise-like spots about 2 weeks after having the MMR vaccine. This side effect is linked to the rubella vaccine and is known as idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura ITP. However, the risk of developing ITP from measles or rubella infection is far greater than from having the vaccine.
ITP usually gets better without treatment but, as with any rash, you should get advice from your GP as soon as possible. There's a small chance of having a seizure fit 6 to 11 days after the MMR vaccine. This can be caused by having a high temperature in response to the measles vaccine virus.
It may sound alarming but having a seizure after the MMR vaccine is rare. They happen in about 1 in every 1, doses given. In fact, MMR-related seizures are less frequent than seizures that happen as a direct result of a measles infection. It's rare for anyone to have a serious allergic reaction to a vaccine. Children under 2 years: 0. The persistence of maternal antibodies affects the vaccine response.
Depending on the titre of passively acquired maternal antibodies, infants are in theory protected until age 6 to 9 months. Children born to mothers who were vaccinated in childhood are not protected for as long as those whose mothers are protected naturally by the disease Figure 2.
Figure 2. The optimal age for vaccination first and second doses varies depending on the local epidemiological situation. Several studies have tended to show that seroconversion is even higher if the vaccine is administered at 15 months, but does not increase further if the vaccine is administered beyond age 15 months.
Seroconversion appears 10 to 14 days after vaccination, with a peak between the 21 st and 28 th days. Skip to content. Each 0. The first dose is administered at 12 to 15 months of age. A second dose is administered at 4 to 6 years of age.
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